Low calcium hardness values in pool water cause pool water to be corrosive on equipment, pumps and metal fittings. Anhydrous calcium chloride, used for this purpose, can provide a measure of the moisture present in concrete.Īqueous calcium chloride (in solution with water) lowers the freezing point as low as −52 ☌ (−62 ☏), making it ideal for filling agricultural implement tires as a liquid ballast, aiding traction in cold climates.Ĭalcium chloride is also commonly used as an additive in swimming pool water as it increases the “calcium hardness” value for the water. It is used in concrete mixes to help speed up the initial setting, but chloride ion leads to corrosion of steel “rebar”, so it is not be used in reinforced concrete. Used for its hygroscopic property, it can be applied to keep a liquid layer on the surface of the roadway, which holds dust down. However, recent observations in Washington state suggest it may be particularly harmful on roadside evergreen trees It is also more effective at lower temperatures as a “deicer” than sodium chloride. Unlike the more common NaCl (rock salt or halite), it is relatively harmless to plants and soil. It can also be added to liquids to remove suspended or dissolved water.Īided by the intense heat evolved during its dissolution, calcium chloride is also used as an ice-melting compound. It is used to dry kelp, which is then used to produce soda ash. It cannot, however, be used to dry alkaline gases such as ammonia because it will form addition products. In particular, calcium chloride is usually used to pack “drying tubes” to exclude atmospheric moisture from a reaction setup while allowing gases to escape. Because of its hygroscopic nature, the anhydrous form must be kept in tightly sealed containers.īecause the anhydrous salt is strongly hygroscopic, air or other gases can be channeled through a column of calcium chloride to remove moisture. It can be produced directly from limestone, but large amounts are also produced as a by-product of the “Solvay Process” (which is a process to produce soda ash from brine). The anhydrous salt is also widely used as a desiccant, where it will absorb so much water that it will eventually dissolve in its own crystal lattice water (water of hydration). It has several common applications such as brine for refrigeration plants, ice and dust control on roads, and in concrete. The properties and characteristics of CaCl 2 make it useful in a large number of applications. It has been produced commercially for over 100 years. Neither ILO nor WHO nor the European Commission shall be responsible for the interpretation and use of the information contained in this material.Calcium chloride is one of the most versatile of the basic chemicals. The published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. This may result in tissue lesions.Īll rights reserved. The substance may have effects on the nasal mucous membrane. Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. The substance is severely irritating to the skin, upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract.Ī harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.Įffects of long-term or repeated exposure Serious local effects by all routes of exposure. Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20☌: 74.5 (good) Dissolves violently in water with liberation of much heat. This produces flammable/explosive gas (hydrogen - see ICSC 0001). This produces toxic and corrosive fumes of chlorine (see ICSC 0126). ODOURLESS HYGROSCOPIC COLOURLESS OR WHITE CRYSTALS.ĭecomposes on heating. With the financial assistance of the European Commission. Prepared by an international group of experts on behalf of ILO and WHO, Wash away remainder with plenty of water. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer immediately for medical attention.īurns in mouth and throat. Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Wear safety goggles in combination with breathing protection. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Use local exhaust or breathing protection.įresh air, rest. PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR! In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.
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